Examine the satellite data, focusing on the sea ice coverage of hudson bay, an important polar bear habitat. Historic sea ice atlas this atlas provides digitized historical sea ice data compiled from over ten different sources including the satellite record 1979present, various us naval and national ice center compilations 1950s to 1990s, canadian records 1950s to 1980s, danish and norwegian ship records mid1800s to 1970s, and whaling. For more information about this spatial gap and how it is. The recent years represent a unique event because they show a yeartoyear persistence of minimum ice extents graph below. National ice center nic is an interagency sea ice analysis and forecasting center comprised of the department of commercenoaa, the department of defenseu. National snow and ice data center cryospheric data for the polar regions. Human dimensions, hydrology and terrestrial cryosphere, interdisciplinary studies, ocean and sea ice, supporting data sets, and terrestrial ecosystems. Arctic sea ice under this section, a selection of maps representing different datasets about arctic sea ice is presented. Arctic ecosystem example lamontdoherty earth observatory. Walsh points out, however, that the data represents snapshots in time, as well as historical trends in arctic sea ice cover and extent. On the causes of arctic sea ice in the warm early pliocene. It is a source for consistently processed ice extent and concentration images and data values since 1979. Measurements of ice draft and freeboard that can be used infer sea ice thickness.
Nov 18, 2018 the sea ice index provides a quick look at arctic and antarcticwide changes in sea ice. To navigate safely in polar regions, ship commanders operating near, through, and beneath sea ice rely on data supplied by the national ice center nic, an organization that uses esri arcgis software to produce seaice and iceberg maps. Based on sea ice concentration data from these instruments, meier has calculated that arctic sea ice would typically cover approximately seven million square kilometers 2. Monthly images show sea ice extent with an outline of the 30year 19812010 median extent for that month magenta line. Icevu workstations were designed specifically as marine decision support applications and provide ccg vessels with the capability to receive realtime synthetic aperture radar sarsidelooking airborne radar slar data or to download compressed mrsid imagery and gis products from the ice forecast centre. Ships use seaice and iceberg maps to navigate in polar regions. Esas cryosat mission is being used to measure changes in ice thickness. Monthly images of extent, concentration, anomalies, and trends from november 1978 through last month. Ifremercersat arctic sea ice drift maps 19912012 and 2007now rammbcira satellite loop interactive data explorer in realtime slider satellite and radar images of greenland from the danish meteorological institute. They are not projections or predictions of future conditions, nor is the atlas designed for forecasting or prediction, but it can provide useful historical context for future planning efforts. The graph above shows arctic sea ice extent as of september 30, 20, along with daily ice extent data for the previous five years. Usgs researchers, led by anthony pagano, were trying to learn about the behaviors and foraging rates of polar bears on the sea ice so ultimately, they could better understand how much food the bears need to be healthy and survive. Maps can be combined among them or with maps presented under other sections as for instance arctic summer sea ice extent and arctic definitions.
Its access is restricted read more about access to data here. Since 1972, nic has produced arctic and antarctic sea ice. Quantarctica is a collection of antarctic geographical datasets, such as base maps, satellite imagery, glaciology and geophysics data from data centres around the world, prepared for viewing in qgis. Data for polar regions gis data research guides at. To download the data, right click and save the link.
Researchers from nasa, the national snow and ice data center and others using satellite data have detected a significant loss in arctic sea ice this year. Simulating arctic climate warmth and icefield retreat in. According to climate models, rising global temperatures should cause sea ice in both regions to shrink. Sea surface temperature sst is an important environmental characteristic in determining the suitability and sustainability of habitats for marine organisms.
Using 25km daily remote sensing grid cell data from a satellite mounted microwave sensor, national snow and ice data centre nsidc scientists have shown that the minimum extent of arctic summer sea ice is almost half that detected in the late 1970s. It includes snow and ice on land, ice caps, glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice. The national ice center is located in the noaa satellite operations facility in suitland, maryland. Arctic ship traffic data astd pames arctic ship traffic data astd project has been developed in response to a growing need to collect and distribute accurate, reliable, and uptodate information on shipping activities in the arctic. Interactions between human activities sea land ice and. Jan 30, 2019 map of the nordic seas and marginal arctic ocean showing the modern oceanography and sea ice extent. The marginal ice zone is the transition between the open ocean ice free and pack ice. In september 2007, the area covered by perennial sea ice shrunk to the smallest on record since satellite measurements began 30 years ago. Monthly sea ice extent measurements from 1978 to present from nsidc national snow and ice data center.
As the world warms due to increasing greenhouse gases being added to the atmosphere by humans, the snow and ice are melting. This graph shows the average monthly arctic sea ice extent each september since 1979, derived from satellite observations. The monthly sea ice index provides a quick look at arcticwide changes in sea ice. Arctic sea ice concentration and extent from danish meteorological institute sea ice charts, 19011956, version 1 this data set provides estimates of arctic sea ice extent and concentration from 1901 to 1956 created from a collection of historic, handdrawn sea ice charts from the danish meteorological institute dmi. About arctic sea ice extent sea ice extent is estimated using daily satellite images to calculate the total ocean area that has an ice concentration of 15% or more. Ice analysts process satellite imagery in gis to study the. About arctic sea ice extent sea ice extent is estimated using daily satellite images to calculate the total ocean area. Changes in the arctic regions can be seen over time with the new map. The monthly sea ice index provides a quick look at arctic wide changes in sea ice. Arctic sea ice concentration and extent from danish meteorological institute sea ice charts, 19011956 this data set provides estimates of arctic sea ice extent and concentration from 1901 to 1956 created from a collection of historic, handdrawn sea ice charts from the danish.
National snow and ice data center, cooperative institute for research in. Monthly and daily gis compatible shapefiles of median ice. It is a source for consistent, uptodate sea ice extent and concentration images, in png format, and data. Our data and information is presented both spatially and geographically including the national map, earth explorer, glovis, landsatlook, and much more. The sea ice area for the arctic shows nearrecord minimums since 2002.
Satellite data is crucial for systematic monitoring of antarctic ice sheet volume change, mass balance, and sea level rise. Nov 11, 2019 the national snow and ice data center nsidc is developing a repository of geographic information systems giscompatible snow, ice, and frozen ground data for research and planning. Where can i get current seasurface temperature data. Arctic sea ice is even more susceptible to climate change. Ships use seaice and iceberg maps to navigate in polar. The sea ice data available below draw on more than 11 years of nearly uninterrupted, threeday radar snapshots of sea ice from the radarsat1 satellite 19952012 or four years of envisat data 20082012 of the arctic and southern oceans. The miz is very dynamic and affects the airocean heat transport, as well as being a significant factor in. September arctic sea ice is now declining at a rate of 12. The maps below show the areas for september shaded relative to the median extent purple line. Arctic sea ice concentration and extent from danish. The arctic lter is located in the foothills region of the brooks range, north slope of alaska 68 38n, 149 43w, elevation 760 m and is based. So far, this spring marks the third lowest extent of arctic sea ice.
International bathymetric chart of the arctic ocean. Gis data are provided for download in geodatabase and shapefile format and contain the following layers. With changes in the arctic sea ice extent and projected changes and increase in shipping in the arctic, the astd system will allow the arctic council to be at the forefront of monitoring trends and assessing any changes for use in its studies, assessments, analyses, and the development of recommendations that enhance arctic marine safety and. The first study on ice change in ice sheet patterns used data from copernicus sentinel3 delaydoppler altimeter. Satellite imagery shows record low arctic sea ice level. This map shows the sea ice extent for the arctic in polar. Select topic biology and ecosystems citizen science coasts data. Monthly and daily gis compatible shapefiles of median ice extent. The arctic long term ecological research arc lter site is part of a network of sites established by the national science foundation to support longterm ecological research in the united states. The loss of sea ice will majorly impact plant and animal species as well as raise the level of the sea, flooding low lying nations and cities around the world. Share and download educational presentations online. Sea ice data and analysis tools arctic sea ice news and analysis.
The arctic ocean basemap is designed to be used as a basemap for the arctic ocean by marine gis professionals and as a reference map by anyone interested in ocean data for the arctic region. The usnic daily ice edge product depicts the daily sea ice pack in red 81010ths or greater of sea ice, and the marginal ice zone miz in yellow. This indicator is based on maps of sea ice extent in the arctic ocean and surrounding waters, which. The national snow and ice data center nsidc is developing a repository of geographic information systems gis compatible snow, ice, and frozen ground data for research and planning. It is a source for consistent, uptodate sea ice extent and concentration images, in png format, and data values, in ascii text files, from november 1978 to the present. The national snow and ice data center nsidc is developing a repository of geographic information systems giscompatible snow, ice, and frozen ground data for research and planning. Data analysis from nsidc shows that arctic sea ice for november 2016 was 9. Shrinking of artic sea ice concentration, especially in summers. A smoothing algorithm is applied to the original shapefiles accessed from nsidc. The sea ice index provides a quick look at arctic and antarcticwide changes.
Gis sea ice maps national snow and ice data center. Current arctic conditions uncannily mirror 2007 when scientists anticipated lowestever ice levels. The purpose of this website is to encourage and catalyze further discussion and planning on arctic geographic information systems gis and geospatial information infrastructure gii efforts by providing information and a forum for discussion to the international arctic research community. Archive web page where you can download gis compatible files shapefiles. Twilight of the arctic ice national geographic society. These excel workbooks organize arctic and antarctic sea ice data in spreadsheets for ease of analysis. Smallscale kinematics and deformation data are processed by tracking sea ice on a. Sea ice index data and image archive national snow and. This sphere helps maintain earths climate by reflecting incoming solar radiation back into space.
One of the objectives of the project is to offer researchers a reliable tool to find time scales of variability, such as whether there is. Sea ice extent 1978 2018 dataset science on a sphere. Welcome to the aoos data resources page alaska ocean. The seaice imagery and data products available through the asf daac are supported under nasas making earth system data records for use in research environments program. Sea ice index data and image archive national snow and ice data. We produce monthly sea ice maps for both polar regions. Changing state of arctic sea ice across all seasons iopscience. Sea ice trends and climatologies from smmr and ssmissmis data from defense meteorological satellite program dmsp sensors nsidc is no longer producing monthly sea ice concentration files in arcinfo gis interchange file format. Moreover, our use of observations and model together indicate that the minimal lig gis was a steeply sided ice sheet in central and northern greenland and that this ice sheet, combined with the change in other arctic ice fields, likely generated 2. Whereas arctic sea ice mostly sits in the middle of landlocked oceanwhich is more sensitive to sunlight and warming airantarctic sea ice surrounds land and is constantly exposed to high winds and waves. Jul 01, 2011 arctic sea ice is even more susceptible to climate change. Antarctic ice instability to trigger alarming sea level. Gis shapefile gis shapefile with associated metadata 422 kb zipped folder. Monthly average sea ice extent in the northern hemisphere.
Although being able to glimpse these remarkable animals as they navigate their sea ice world was fascinating, the videos had a specific research function. Additionally, the atlas includes a detailed glossary on types of sea ice and information on original data sources and how the data were compiled. Sea ice index data and image archive national snow and ice. Although the extent of arctic ice this year is better than previous years amounting to around 6 million square kilometers and overcoming of 1. Disciplines covered include the atmosphere, data management and coordination, education and outreach, human dimensions, hydrology and terrestrial cryosphere, interdisciplinary studies, ocean and sea ice, supporting data sets, and terrestrial ecosystems. Advanced cooperative arctic data and information service acadis. The disappearance of the odden, a thumbshaped sea ice feature east of greenland. These shape files were created using arcview, and are best viewed using one of the esri products arcview, arcinfo, arcgis. View arctic elevation data with arcdem explorer gis lounge. Greenland ice thickness, opendataphilly now open source. Data for polar regions gis data research guides at dartmouth. New digital atlas details alaska sea ice history since 1850.
Aug 01, 2017 the loss of sea ice will majorly impact plant and animal species as well as raise the level of the sea, flooding low lying nations and cities around the world. Usgs is a primary source of geographic information systems gis data. These shape files were created using arcview, and are best viewed using one of. Use imagej to identify and measure the average november sea ice coverage of hudson bay from 1978 to 2007.
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